landform formation

From the end of the Indosinian Movement to the beginning of the Yanshan Movement, the Shennongjia Forest Area experienced strong folds and large-scale tilting, which laid the foundation for the geomorphological framework of the area. The cold and warm climate changes in the Quaternary Period have left glacial landforms in some areas, making the landforms in the area complex and diverse. The Shennongjia Mountains run across the southwest of the Shennongjia Forest Area in an east-west direction. Shennongding is the highest with an elevation of 3105.4 meters, which is also the highest point in central China. The lowest point in the forest area is Shizhu River in Xiagoping Township, with an elevation of 398 meters and a relative height difference of 2707.4. rice. According to the morphological characteristics and genetic types of the landforms in the area, it can be divided into four types of geomorphological units: structural corrosion landforms, corrosion erosion landforms, denudation erosion landforms, and accumulation landforms.

climate characteristics

Shennongjia belongs to the north subtropical monsoon climate zone, which is a transition area from subtropical climate to temperate climate. The summers are humid and rainy, while the winters are mild and rainy. The annual radiation is 103.7 kcal/m2, and the annual sunshine hours are 1858.3 hours. The sunshine hours and total radiation decrease with the increase of altitude. The average annual temperature and frost-free period vary greatly due to different altitudes. The annual precipitation ranges from 800 to 2500 mm, and the precipitation increases with altitude. Frost often occurs at the turn of spring and summer, usually from the end of September to the end of April of the following year. The average annual evaporation in the area is 500-800 mm, and the drought index is 0.50-0.53. Southeasterly winds prevail 80% of the year.